Egypt(+K.S,+K.L,+N.C)

**Egyptian Revolution 2011**

**By: Nick, Kristina and Kathy**

__**Part I: A look at the Nation**__ **Median Age: (2005)**

**Total:** 23.68 years **Male:** 23.31 **Female:** 24.05

 **Religion:** Muslim (mostly Sunni) 94%, Coptic Christian and other 6%

 ** Ethnicity: ** 99% Egyptian,, Berber, 1% Eastern European (mostly Italian and French)

__**Geography**__
 * World’s 30th largest country
 * Most of the population is around the Nile River.
 * Other population includes sand dunes/deserts
 * Climate is mostly desert wit hot dry summers and moderate winters
 * Average temperatures
 * Summer: 80 – 90 #|degrees
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Winter: 55 - 70 degrees

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">__ **Economic Resources** __
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Imports: machinery equipment, chemicals, wood-products, and fuels.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Exports: crude oil & petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products, and chemicals.
 * <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;"><span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">#|Jobs: 32% agriculture, 17% #|industry<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">, and 51% services.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">GDP in Egypt is 3.4% GDP in the U.S. is 32.2%.This shows that the U.S. produces much more than Egypt.

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 120%;">__ **Political Structure** __
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Type of #|governmentis republic with demographic outlines.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Anyone can typically vote for elections, but they must be at least 18. Men do not have trouble voting but women on the other hand may have
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">The President and Prime Minister share the power.
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">Elections are held every six years.

<span style="color: #404040; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 160%;">__**Part II: History**__

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">** President Mubarak had power **** over Egypt for a long time and ** <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">** the people wanted a change **** which cause **** d a revolution. **

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**First Day of Demonstrations**__
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHEN: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHO: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHAT: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHY: ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">January 25, 2011 || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">Anti-#|Government protesters || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">A riot with the police began starting the Egypt revolution. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">It was inspired by the Tunisia demonstration because they demanded an end to grinding poverty, corruption, unemployment, and police abuses. ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**COMPARISON:** Protesters were unhappy with the #|governmentso President Mubarak, in order to calm the people protesting down, said there is a new #|governmenton its way.

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**Mubarak Speaks**__
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHEN: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHO: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHAT: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHY: ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">January 28, 2011 || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">President Hosni Mubarak || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">He tried diffusing the crisis by saying the new #|governmentwas on its way, but never said that he was going to #|stepdown. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">He said this to stop the protesters from going too far, but actually the protesters wanted the president to leave. ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**COMPARISON:** The president did not have control over his people and the new #|governmentdid not stop the protesters like he planned. The people still wanted him to go.

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**Mubarak Resigns**__
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHEN: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHO: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHAT: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHY: ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">February 11, 2011 || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">President Mubarak || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">The president resigns and leaves Cairo leaving all control to the military. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">The people ousted the president. There was an 18-day wave of pro-democracy demonstration. ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**COMPARISON:** One of the things that the military did when they got control from the president leaving was arresting two people that were #|associatesof President Mubarak.

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**Authorities take actions**__
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHEN: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHO: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHAT: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHY: ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">February 24, 2011 || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">Egyptian authorities || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">Arrested Anas al-Fiqqi, who was former information minister, and Osama el-Sheikh, who was in charge of the state TV and radio. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">The military rulers were against figures in the regime of President Mubarak. ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**COMPARISON:** The military needed to set standards and these standards had to be accepted by the people. In order for this to happen the old leaders had to leave and new rules had to come in.

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**Rules made by the people**__
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHEN: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHO: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHAT: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHY: ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">March 14, 2011 || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">Egypt’s political future || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">The referendum was being made and the date would be March 19, 2011. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">This will help make a new government. ||

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">**COMPARISON:** With new laws in place there is a new constitution and the revolution is calming down.

<span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">__**New government**__
 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">** WHEN: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHO: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHAT: ** || <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">** WHY: ** ||
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">March 31, 2011 || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">Military Rulers || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">Announcement of new constitution, incorporating laws that <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">were voted on by the people. || <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in;">This gives the people what they wanted all along, a new form of government. ||

<span style="color: #404040; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 160%;">__**Part III: Legitimacy of the current leader & government**__

<span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Mubarak led the government with force to draw foreign investment and facilitate GDP [value of goods and service produced] growth. Then the GDP spiraled down however, Prime Minister, Ahmed Nazif restarted economic reforms in order to draw #|foreign investmentsand boost growth, also improve economic conditions. In Egypt there has been an extremely high level of national economic growth which affects the living conditions and many people <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px;">remain poor. And the government has done nothing yet to solve this problem.
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">**Economic Decisions:**

<span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 24px;">In Egypt there are trails held but sometimes because of the emergency aid Egyptian citizens do not have the right to a fair trial.
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">**Resolving Conflict:**



<span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">The police in Egypt do not defend the people but normlly are brutal towards all that live in Egypt. However <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> the Egyptian Armer Forces, have a very good status of how they protect their country. The United States military and the Egyptian military have set up a way for the Egyptians to <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px;">receive <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> aid. The Egyptian military keeps and has good connections with other countries.
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">** Common Defense: **

media type="youtube" key="eJqLdw-Su6g" width="325" height="269" align="right"

<span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">People in Egypt have little of their constitutional rights. They do not have their freedom of speech; if they say or write something the government has the right to imprison the person for any period of time. Under the Emergency laws in Egypt, allow the Egyptians constitutional rights to be suspended. Plus many women do not have the right to have an education or vote.
 * **Protection of rights:**


 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px;">**Public Services:** <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Egypt has many poor areas that are not clean or cared for. But it consists of many public services like:


 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">[[image:egypt-pol4.jpg align="left" caption="Police Centers"]]Water mains in all halls
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Telephones
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Post Office
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Police, fire and First aid centers [[image:national_bank_of_egypt_uk_headquarters_exterior.jpg width="291" height="191" align="right" caption="A bank that is located in Egypt"]]
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Workshops
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Stores
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Banks
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Local broadcast
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Parking area
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Customs, import and monetary facilities
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Cafes
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Green house
 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; line-height: 14px; margin: 0.5em 0px 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 3em; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px;">Trade center


 * <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">** Most fulfilled to least fulfilled: **
 * 1) <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Common defense
 * 2) <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Public Services
 * 3) <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Economic Decisions
 * 4) <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Resolving Conflict
 * 5) <span style="color: #0f243e; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Protection of Rights

<span style="color: #404040; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 160%;">__**Part IV: Snapshot of the Current Uprising**__


 * <span style="color: #1f471f; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Who revolted?**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Protesters from a variety of different religious backgrounds revolted during the revolution.


 * <span style="color: #1f471f; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**Why did they revolt?**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The people revolted because President Hosni Mubarak has been in power for 30 years, rigging every election, and preparing for his son to take power. Other reasons why citizens of Egypt revolted was because of large amounts of poverty, corruption, lack of freedom of speech, police brutality, and high unemployment. The people of Egypt believed that the revolting was the only possible solution because Mubarak would of stayed in a corrupt government which the people didn't want.




 * <span style="color: #1f471f; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**How did they organize?**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Large protests were held in major cities with people flooding the streets. 2 million people at Cairo's Tahrir Square, 1 million in Mansoura, and 750,000 people in Alexandria. Millions of people were chanting "freedom!" while protesting in streets.


 * <span style="color: #1f471f; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**How did the people overthrow the government?**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">People of Egypt overthrew the government by protesting and not following anything Mubarak tried to enforce.


 * <span style="color: #1f471f; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**How did the government respond?**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The government responded to these people's actions by setting curfews and sending police out. Most people went against these demands.


 * <span style="color: #1f471f; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">**How was the government the same or different following the revolution?**
 * <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">This question cannot be determined at this moment because the revolution is still going on.

<span style="color: #404040; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 160%;">**__Websites:__**


 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px;">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. "2011 Egyptian Revolution." // Wikipedia, the #|freeEncyclopedia //. 5 Apr. 2011. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 32px;"><http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Egyptian_revolution>.

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">// Huffington Post //. Huffington Post, 30 Jan. 2011. Web. 05 Apr. 2011. <span style="color: black; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 115%;"><http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/30/egypt-revolution-2011_n_816026.html>.
 * <span style="display: block; font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 21px; text-align: left;"> Kanalley, Craig. "Egypt Revolution 2011: A Complete Guide To The Unrest." // Breaking News and Opinion on The //